It is a surgical procedure wherein the worn-out surfaces of joints and damaged cartilage are removed and replaced with artificial material called implants or prosthesis. The femoral (thigh) component and tibial component are made of a special metal alloy which is highly polished metal and covers the end of the thigh bone.

The patella or kneecap may be all polyethylene or a combination of metal and polyethylene. The special poly ‘insert’ serves as a cushion—a smooth gliding surface between the two metal components and is attached to the top of the metal.